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commit bdfe96018e07ab795a620f8aec40252c29c5fc75
parent 178c1502056aa29225b2e63af1200a4f13523904
Author: Eric Hanchrow <eric.hanchrow@gmail.com>
Date:   Sat, 28 Sep 2013 11:42:41 -0400

Add a margin note

Diffstat:
MTransform_.html | 2+-
Mall.html | 6++++--
Mindex.html | 4++--
Mindex.rkt | 11+++++++----
4 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Transform_.html b/Transform_.html @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ and so on recursively&#8212;<wbr></wbr>which is what <span class="RktSym"><a hre not get side-tracked now.)</p><p>When we want to transform syntax, we&rsquo;ll generally take the pieces we were given, maybe rearrange their order, perhaps change some of the pieces, and often introduce brand-new pieces.</p><h4>3.3<tt>&nbsp;</tt><a name="(part._.Actually_transforming_the_input)"></a>Actually transforming the input</h4><p>Let&rsquo;s write a transformer function that reverses the syntax it was -given:</p><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><table cellspacing="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><span class="stt">&gt; </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/define.html#%28form._%28%28lib._racket%2Fprivate%2Fbase..rkt%29._define-syntax%29%29" class="RktStxLink" data-pltdoc="x">define-syntax</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">reverse-me</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym">stx</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPlain"><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/stxops.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._datum-~3esyntax%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">datum-&gt;syntax</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym">stx</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/pairs.html#%28def._%28%28lib._racket%2Fprivate%2Flist..rkt%29._reverse%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">reverse</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/pairs.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._cdr%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">cdr</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/stxops.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._syntax-~3edatum%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">syntax-&gt;datum</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym">stx</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td><span class="stt">&gt; </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">reverse-me</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"backwards"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"am"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"i"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/values.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._values%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">values</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">"i"</span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">"am"</span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">"backwards"</span></p></td></tr></table></blockquote><p>Understand Yoda, can we. Great, but how does this work?</p><p>First we take the input syntax, and give it to +given:</p><p><div class="SIntrapara"><blockquote class="refpara"><blockquote class="refcolumn"><blockquote class="refcontent"><p>the <span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/values.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._values%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">values</a></span> at the end allows the result to evaluate nicely. Try <span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">reverse-me</span><span class="stt"> </span><span class="RktVal">"backwards"</span><span class="stt"> </span><span class="RktVal">"am"</span><span class="stt"> </span><span class="RktVal">"i"</span><span class="RktPn">)</span> to see why it&rsquo;s handy.</p></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></div><div class="SIntrapara"><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><table cellspacing="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><span class="stt">&gt; </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/define.html#%28form._%28%28lib._racket%2Fprivate%2Fbase..rkt%29._define-syntax%29%29" class="RktStxLink" data-pltdoc="x">define-syntax</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">reverse-me</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym">stx</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPlain"><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/stxops.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._datum-~3esyntax%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">datum-&gt;syntax</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym">stx</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/pairs.html#%28def._%28%28lib._racket%2Fprivate%2Flist..rkt%29._reverse%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">reverse</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/pairs.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._cdr%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">cdr</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/stxops.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._syntax-~3edatum%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">syntax-&gt;datum</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym">stx</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td><span class="stt">&gt; </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">reverse-me</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"backwards"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"am"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"i"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/values.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._values%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">values</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">"i"</span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">"am"</span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">"backwards"</span></p></td></tr></table></blockquote></div></p><p>Understand Yoda, can we. Great, but how does this work?</p><p>First we take the input syntax, and give it to <span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/stxops.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._syntax-~3edatum%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">syntax-&gt;datum</a></span>. This converts the syntax into a plain old list:</p><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><span class="stt">&gt; </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/stxops.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._syntax-~3edatum%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">syntax-&gt;datum</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktRdr">#'</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">reverse-me</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"backwards"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"am"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"i"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/values.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._values%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">values</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">'(reverse-me<span class="stt"> </span>"backwards"<span class="stt"> </span>"am"<span class="stt"> </span>"i"<span class="stt"> </span>values)</span></p></td></tr></table></blockquote><p>Using <span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/pairs.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._cdr%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">cdr</a></span> slices off the first item of the list, <span class="RktSym">reverse-me</span>, leaving the remainder: diff --git a/all.html b/all.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>Fear of Macros</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="scribble.css" title="default" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="racket.css" title="default" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="scribble-style.css" title="default" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="gh.css" title="default" /><script type="text/javascript" src="scribble-common.js"></script><!--[if IE 6]><style type="text/css">.SIEHidden { overflow: hidden; }</style><![endif]--><meta name="keywords" content="Racket,macros,Scheme"><meta name="description" content="Practical Racket macros"><meta name="author" content="Greg Hendershott"><meta name="charset" content="utf-8"><link href='http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Fenix' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'><script type="text/javascript">var _gaq = _gaq || [];_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-29709446-1']);_gaq.push(['_setDomainName', 'greghendershott.com']);_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);(function() {var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);})();</script></head><body id="scribble-racket-lang-org"><div class="tocset"><div class="tocview"><div class="tocviewlist" style="margin-bottom: 1em;"><div class="tocviewtitle"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td style="width: 1em;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" title="Expand/Collapse" class="tocviewtoggle" onclick="TocviewToggle(this,&quot;tocview_0&quot;);">&#9658;</a></td><td></td><td><a href="" class="tocviewselflink" data-pltdoc="x">Fear of Macros</a></td></tr></table></div><div class="tocviewsublistonly" style="display: none;" id="tocview_0"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="right">1&nbsp;</td><td><a href="#%28part._.Preface%29" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Preface</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">2&nbsp;</td><td><a href="#%28part._.Our_plan_of_attack%29" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Our plan of attack</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3&nbsp;</td><td><a href="#%28part._.Transform_%29" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Transform!</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">4&nbsp;</td><td><a href="#%28part._pattern-matching%29" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Pattern matching:<span class="mywbr"> &nbsp;</span> syntax-<wbr></wbr>case and syntax-<wbr></wbr>rules</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">5&nbsp;</td><td><a href="#%28part._.Syntax_parameters%29" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Syntax parameters</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">6&nbsp;</td><td><a href="#%28part._.What_s_the_point_of_splicing-let_%29" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">What&rsquo;s the point of <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">splicing-<wbr></wbr>let</span></span>?</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7&nbsp;</td><td><a href="#%28part._.Robust_macros__syntax-parse%29" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Robust macros:<span class="mywbr"> &nbsp;</span> syntax-<wbr></wbr>parse</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">8&nbsp;</td><td><a href="#%28part._.References_and_.Acknowledgments%29" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">References and Acknowledgments</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">9&nbsp;</td><td><a href="#%28part._.Epilogue%29" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Epilogue</a></td></tr></table></div></div></div><div class="tocsub"><table class="tocsublist" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">1<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.Preface)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Preface</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">2<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.Our_plan_of_attack)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Our plan of attack</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">3<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.Transform_)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Transform!</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">3.1<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.What_is_a_syntax_transformer_)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">What is a syntax transformer?</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">3.2<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.What_s_the_input_)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">What&rsquo;s the input?</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">3.3<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.Actually_transforming_the_input)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Actually transforming the input</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">3.4<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.Compile_time_vs__run_time)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Compile time vs. run time</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">3.5<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._begin-for-syntax)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">begin-<wbr></wbr>for-<wbr></wbr>syntax</span></span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">4<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._pattern-matching)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Pattern matching:<span class="mywbr"> &nbsp;</span> syntax-<wbr></wbr>case and syntax-<wbr></wbr>rules</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">4.1<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.Pattern_variable_vs__template---fight_)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Pattern variable vs. template&#8212;<wbr></wbr>fight!</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">4.1.1<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._with-syntax)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">with-<wbr></wbr>syntax</span></span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">4.1.2<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._with-syntax_)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">with-<wbr></wbr>syntax*</span></span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">4.1.3<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._format-id)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktValLink">format-<wbr></wbr>id</span></span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">4.1.4<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.Another_example)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Another example</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">4.2<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.Making_our_own_struct)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Making our own <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">struct</span></span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">4.3<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._hash..refs)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Using dot notation for nested hash lookups</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">5<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.Syntax_parameters)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Syntax parameters</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">6<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.What_s_the_point_of_splicing-let_)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">What&rsquo;s the point of <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">splicing-<wbr></wbr>let</span></span>?</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">7<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.Robust_macros__syntax-parse)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Robust macros:<span class="mywbr"> &nbsp;</span> syntax-<wbr></wbr>parse</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">7.1<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.Error-handling_strategies_for_functions)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Error-<wbr></wbr>handling strategies for functions</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">7.2<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.Error-handling_strategies_for_macros)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Error-<wbr></wbr>handling strategies for macros</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">7.3<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.Using_syntax_parse)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Using <span class="RktSym">syntax/<span class="mywbr"> &nbsp;</span>parse</span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">8<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.References_and_.Acknowledgments)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">References and Acknowledgments</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">9<tt>&nbsp;</tt></span><a href="#(part._.Epilogue)" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">Epilogue</a></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="maincolumn"><div class="main"><h2><a name="(part._.Fear_of_.Macros)"></a>Fear of Macros</h2><div class="SAuthorListBox"><span class="SAuthorList"><p class="author"><a href="http://www.greghendershott.com">Greg Hendershott</a></p></span></div><p><div class="SIntrapara"></div><div class="SIntrapara"><img src="fear-of-macros.jpg" alt="" /> -</div><div class="SIntrapara"><span class="Smaller">Copyright (c) 2012-2013 by Greg Hendershott. All rights reserved.</span></div><div class="SIntrapara"><span class="Smaller">Last updated 2013-08-15T14:15:12</span></div><div class="SIntrapara">Feedback and corrections are <a href="https://github.com/greghendershott/fear-of-macros/issues">welcome here</a>.</div></p><p>Contents:</p><table cellspacing="0"><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Preface%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Preface</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Our_plan_of_attack%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Our plan of attack</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Transform_%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Transform!</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.What_is_a_syntax_transformer_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>What is a syntax transformer?</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.What_s_the_input_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>What&rsquo;s the input?</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Actually_transforming_the_input%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Actually transforming the input</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Compile_time_vs__run_time%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.4<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Compile time vs. run time</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._begin-for-syntax%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.5<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">begin-for-syntax</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._pattern-matching%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">4<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Pattern matching: syntax-case and syntax-rules</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Pattern_variable_vs__template---fight_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Pattern variable vs. template&#8212;<wbr></wbr>fight!</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._with-syntax%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">with-syntax</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._with-syntax_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">with-syntax*</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._format-id%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktValLink">format-id</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Another_example%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.4<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Another example</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Making_our_own_struct%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Making our own <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">struct</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._hash..refs%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Using dot notation for nested hash lookups</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Syntax_parameters%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">5<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Syntax parameters</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.What_s_the_point_of_splicing-let_%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">6<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>What&rsquo;s the point of <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">splicing-let</span></span>?</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Robust_macros__syntax-parse%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">7<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Robust macros: syntax-parse</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Error-handling_strategies_for_functions%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">7.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Error-handling strategies for functions</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Error-handling_strategies_for_macros%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">7.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Error-handling strategies for macros</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Using_syntax_parse%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">7.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Using <span class="RktSym">syntax/parse</span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.References_and_.Acknowledgments%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">8<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>References and Acknowledgments</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Epilogue%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">9<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Epilogue</a></p></td></tr></table><h3>1<tt>&nbsp;</tt><a name="(part._.Preface)"></a>Preface</h3><p>I learned Racket after 25 years of mostly using C and C++.</p><p>Some psychic whiplash resulted.</p><p>"All the parentheses" was actually not a big deal. Instead, the first +</div><div class="SIntrapara"><span class="Smaller">Copyright (c) 2012-2013 by Greg Hendershott. All rights reserved.</span></div><div class="SIntrapara"><span class="Smaller">Last updated 2013-09-28T11:41:22</span></div><div class="SIntrapara">Feedback and corrections are <a href="https://github.com/greghendershott/fear-of-macros/issues">welcome here</a>.</div></p><p>Contents:</p><table cellspacing="0"><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Preface%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Preface</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Our_plan_of_attack%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Our plan of attack</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Transform_%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Transform!</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.What_is_a_syntax_transformer_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>What is a syntax transformer?</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.What_s_the_input_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>What&rsquo;s the input?</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Actually_transforming_the_input%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Actually transforming the input</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Compile_time_vs__run_time%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.4<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Compile time vs. run time</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._begin-for-syntax%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.5<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">begin-for-syntax</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._pattern-matching%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">4<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Pattern matching: syntax-case and syntax-rules</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Pattern_variable_vs__template---fight_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Pattern variable vs. template&#8212;<wbr></wbr>fight!</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._with-syntax%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">with-syntax</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._with-syntax_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">with-syntax*</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._format-id%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktValLink">format-id</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Another_example%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.4<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Another example</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Making_our_own_struct%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Making our own <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">struct</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._hash..refs%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Using dot notation for nested hash lookups</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Syntax_parameters%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">5<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Syntax parameters</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.What_s_the_point_of_splicing-let_%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">6<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>What&rsquo;s the point of <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">splicing-let</span></span>?</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Robust_macros__syntax-parse%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">7<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Robust macros: syntax-parse</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Error-handling_strategies_for_functions%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">7.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Error-handling strategies for functions</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Error-handling_strategies_for_macros%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">7.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Error-handling strategies for macros</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Using_syntax_parse%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">7.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Using <span class="RktSym">syntax/parse</span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.References_and_.Acknowledgments%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">8<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>References and Acknowledgments</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="#%28part._.Epilogue%29" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">9<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Epilogue</a></p></td></tr></table><h3>1<tt>&nbsp;</tt><a name="(part._.Preface)"></a>Preface</h3><p>I learned Racket after 25 years of mostly using C and C++.</p><p>Some psychic whiplash resulted.</p><p>"All the parentheses" was actually not a big deal. Instead, the first mind warp was functional programming. Before long I wrapped my brain around it, and went on to become comfortable and effective with many other aspects and features of Racket.</p><p>But two final frontiers remained: Macros and continuations.</p><p>I found that simple macros were easy and understandable, plus there @@ -79,7 +79,9 @@ and so on recursively&#8212;<wbr></wbr>which is what <span class="RktSym"><a hre not get side-tracked now.)</p><p>When we want to transform syntax, we&rsquo;ll generally take the pieces we were given, maybe rearrange their order, perhaps change some of the pieces, and often introduce brand-new pieces.</p><h4>3.3<tt>&nbsp;</tt><a name="(part._.Actually_transforming_the_input)"></a>Actually transforming the input</h4><p>Let&rsquo;s write a transformer function that reverses the syntax it was -given:</p><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><table cellspacing="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><span class="stt">&gt; </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/define.html#%28form._%28%28lib._racket%2Fprivate%2Fbase..rkt%29._define-syntax%29%29" class="RktStxLink" data-pltdoc="x">define-syntax</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">reverse-me</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym">stx</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPlain"><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/stxops.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._datum-~3esyntax%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">datum-&gt;syntax</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym">stx</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/pairs.html#%28def._%28%28lib._racket%2Fprivate%2Flist..rkt%29._reverse%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">reverse</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/pairs.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._cdr%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">cdr</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/stxops.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._syntax-~3edatum%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">syntax-&gt;datum</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym">stx</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td><span class="stt">&gt; </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">reverse-me</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"backwards"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"am"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"i"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/values.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._values%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">values</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">"i"</span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">"am"</span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">"backwards"</span></p></td></tr></table></blockquote><p>Understand Yoda, can we. Great, but how does this work?</p><p>First we take the input syntax, and give it to +given:</p><p><div class="SIntrapara"><blockquote class="refpara"><blockquote class="refcolumn"><blockquote class="refcontent"><p>the <span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/values.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._values%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">values</a></span> at the end allows the result to +evaluate nicely. Try <span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">reverse-me</span><span class="stt"> </span><span class="RktVal">"backwards"</span><span class="stt"> </span><span class="RktVal">"am"</span><span class="stt"> </span><span class="RktVal">"i"</span><span class="RktPn">)</span> to +see why it&rsquo;s handy.</p></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></div><div class="SIntrapara"><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><table cellspacing="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><span class="stt">&gt; </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/define.html#%28form._%28%28lib._racket%2Fprivate%2Fbase..rkt%29._define-syntax%29%29" class="RktStxLink" data-pltdoc="x">define-syntax</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">reverse-me</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym">stx</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPlain"><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/stxops.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._datum-~3esyntax%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">datum-&gt;syntax</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym">stx</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/pairs.html#%28def._%28%28lib._racket%2Fprivate%2Flist..rkt%29._reverse%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">reverse</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/pairs.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._cdr%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">cdr</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/stxops.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._syntax-~3edatum%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">syntax-&gt;datum</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym">stx</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td><span class="stt">&gt; </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">reverse-me</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"backwards"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"am"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"i"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/values.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._values%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">values</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">"i"</span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">"am"</span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">"backwards"</span></p></td></tr></table></blockquote></div></p><p>Understand Yoda, can we. Great, but how does this work?</p><p>First we take the input syntax, and give it to <span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/stxops.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._syntax-~3edatum%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">syntax-&gt;datum</a></span>. This converts the syntax into a plain old list:</p><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><span class="stt">&gt; </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/stxops.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._syntax-~3edatum%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">syntax-&gt;datum</a></span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktRdr">#'</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">reverse-me</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"backwards"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"am"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktVal">"i"</span><span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/values.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._values%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">values</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="RktRes">'(reverse-me<span class="stt"> </span>"backwards"<span class="stt"> </span>"am"<span class="stt"> </span>"i"<span class="stt"> </span>values)</span></p></td></tr></table></blockquote><p>Using <span class="RktSym"><a href="http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/pairs.html#%28def._%28%28quote._~23~25kernel%29._cdr%29%29" class="RktValLink" data-pltdoc="x">cdr</a></span> slices off the first item of the list, <span class="RktSym">reverse-me</span>, leaving the remainder: diff --git a/index.html b/index.html @@ -1,3 +1,3 @@ <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>Fear of Macros</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="scribble.css" title="default" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="racket.css" title="default" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="scribble-style.css" title="default" /><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="gh.css" title="default" /><script type="text/javascript" src="scribble-common.js"></script><!--[if IE 6]><style type="text/css">.SIEHidden { overflow: hidden; }</style><![endif]--><meta name="keywords" content="Racket,macros,Scheme"><meta name="description" content="Practical Racket macros"><meta name="author" content="Greg Hendershott"><meta name="charset" content="utf-8"><link href='http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Fenix' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'><script type="text/javascript">var _gaq = _gaq || [];_gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-29709446-1']);_gaq.push(['_setDomainName', 'greghendershott.com']);_gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);(function() {var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);})();</script></head><body id="scribble-racket-lang-org"><div class="tocset"><div class="tocview"><div class="tocviewlist" style="margin-bottom: 1em;"><div class="tocviewtitle"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td style="width: 1em;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" title="Expand/Collapse" class="tocviewtoggle" onclick="TocviewToggle(this,&quot;tocview_0&quot;);">&#9660;</a></td><td></td><td><a href="" class="tocviewselflink" data-pltdoc="x">Fear of Macros</a></td></tr></table></div><div class="tocviewsublistonly" style="display: block;" id="tocview_0"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="right">1&nbsp;</td><td><a href="Preface.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Preface</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">2&nbsp;</td><td><a href="Our_plan_of_attack.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Our plan of attack</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3&nbsp;</td><td><a href="Transform_.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Transform!</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">4&nbsp;</td><td><a href="pattern-matching.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Pattern matching:<span class="mywbr"> &nbsp;</span> syntax-<wbr></wbr>case and syntax-<wbr></wbr>rules</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">5&nbsp;</td><td><a href="Syntax_parameters.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Syntax parameters</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">6&nbsp;</td><td><a href="What_s_the_point_of_splicing-let_.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">What&rsquo;s the point of <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">splicing-<wbr></wbr>let</span></span>?</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7&nbsp;</td><td><a href="Robust_macros__syntax-parse.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Robust macros:<span class="mywbr"> &nbsp;</span> syntax-<wbr></wbr>parse</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">8&nbsp;</td><td><a href="References_and_Acknowledgments.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">References and Acknowledgments</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">9&nbsp;</td><td><a href="Epilogue.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Epilogue</a></td></tr></table></div></div></div></div><div class="maincolumn"><div class="main"><div class="navsettop"><span class="navleft">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="navright">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="nonavigation">&larr; prev</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="nonavigation">up</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="Preface.html" title="forward to &quot;1 Preface&quot;" data-pltdoc="x">next &rarr;</a></span>&nbsp;</div><h2><a name="(part._.Fear_of_.Macros)"></a>Fear of Macros</h2><div class="SAuthorListBox"><span class="SAuthorList"><p class="author"><a href="http://www.greghendershott.com">Greg Hendershott</a></p></span></div><p><div class="SIntrapara"></div><div class="SIntrapara"><img src="fear-of-macros.jpg" alt="" /> -</div><div class="SIntrapara"><span class="Smaller">Copyright (c) 2012-2013 by Greg Hendershott. All rights reserved.</span></div><div class="SIntrapara"><span class="Smaller">Last updated 2013-08-15T14:15:07</span></div><div class="SIntrapara">Feedback and corrections are <a href="https://github.com/greghendershott/fear-of-macros/issues">welcome here</a>.</div></p><p>Contents:</p><table cellspacing="0"><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Preface.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Preface</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Our_plan_of_attack.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Our plan of attack</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Transform_.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Transform!</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Transform_.html#%28part._.What_is_a_syntax_transformer_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>What is a syntax transformer?</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Transform_.html#%28part._.What_s_the_input_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>What&rsquo;s the input?</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Transform_.html#%28part._.Actually_transforming_the_input%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Actually transforming the input</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Transform_.html#%28part._.Compile_time_vs__run_time%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.4<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Compile time vs. run time</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Transform_.html#%28part._begin-for-syntax%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.5<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">begin-for-syntax</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">4<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Pattern matching: syntax-case and syntax-rules</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html#%28part._.Pattern_variable_vs__template---fight_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Pattern variable vs. template&#8212;<wbr></wbr>fight!</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html#%28part._with-syntax%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">with-syntax</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html#%28part._with-syntax_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">with-syntax*</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html#%28part._format-id%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktValLink">format-id</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html#%28part._.Another_example%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.4<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Another example</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html#%28part._.Making_our_own_struct%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Making our own <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">struct</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html#%28part._hash..refs%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Using dot notation for nested hash lookups</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Syntax_parameters.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">5<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Syntax parameters</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="What_s_the_point_of_splicing-let_.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">6<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>What&rsquo;s the point of <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">splicing-let</span></span>?</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Robust_macros__syntax-parse.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">7<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Robust macros: syntax-parse</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Robust_macros__syntax-parse.html#%28part._.Error-handling_strategies_for_functions%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">7.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Error-handling strategies for functions</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Robust_macros__syntax-parse.html#%28part._.Error-handling_strategies_for_macros%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">7.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Error-handling strategies for macros</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Robust_macros__syntax-parse.html#%28part._.Using_syntax_parse%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">7.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Using <span class="RktSym">syntax/parse</span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="References_and_Acknowledgments.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">8<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>References and Acknowledgments</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Epilogue.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">9<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Epilogue</a></p></td></tr></table><div class="navsetbottom"><span class="navleft">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="navright">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="nonavigation">&larr; prev</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="nonavigation">up</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="Preface.html" title="forward to &quot;1 Preface&quot;" data-pltdoc="x">next &rarr;</a></span>&nbsp;</div></div></div><div id="contextindicator">&nbsp;</div></body></html> -\ No newline at end of file +</div><div class="SIntrapara"><span class="Smaller">Copyright (c) 2012-2013 by Greg Hendershott. All rights reserved.</span></div><div class="SIntrapara"><span class="Smaller">Last updated 2013-09-28T11:41:16</span></div><div class="SIntrapara">Feedback and corrections are <a href="https://github.com/greghendershott/fear-of-macros/issues">welcome here</a>.</div></p><p>Contents:</p><table cellspacing="0"><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Preface.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Preface</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Our_plan_of_attack.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Our plan of attack</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Transform_.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Transform!</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Transform_.html#%28part._.What_is_a_syntax_transformer_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>What is a syntax transformer?</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Transform_.html#%28part._.What_s_the_input_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>What&rsquo;s the input?</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Transform_.html#%28part._.Actually_transforming_the_input%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Actually transforming the input</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Transform_.html#%28part._.Compile_time_vs__run_time%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.4<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Compile time vs. run time</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Transform_.html#%28part._begin-for-syntax%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">3.5<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">begin-for-syntax</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">4<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Pattern matching: syntax-case and syntax-rules</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html#%28part._.Pattern_variable_vs__template---fight_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Pattern variable vs. template&#8212;<wbr></wbr>fight!</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html#%28part._with-syntax%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">with-syntax</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html#%28part._with-syntax_%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">with-syntax*</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html#%28part._format-id%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span><span class="RktSym"><span class="RktValLink">format-id</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html#%28part._.Another_example%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.1.4<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Another example</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html#%28part._.Making_our_own_struct%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Making our own <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">struct</span></span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="pattern-matching.html#%28part._hash..refs%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">4.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Using dot notation for nested hash lookups</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Syntax_parameters.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">5<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Syntax parameters</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="What_s_the_point_of_splicing-let_.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">6<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>What&rsquo;s the point of <span class="RktSym"><span class="RktStxLink">splicing-let</span></span>?</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Robust_macros__syntax-parse.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">7<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Robust macros: syntax-parse</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Robust_macros__syntax-parse.html#%28part._.Error-handling_strategies_for_functions%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">7.1<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Error-handling strategies for functions</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Robust_macros__syntax-parse.html#%28part._.Error-handling_strategies_for_macros%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">7.2<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Error-handling strategies for macros</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Robust_macros__syntax-parse.html#%28part._.Using_syntax_parse%29" class="toclink" data-pltdoc="x">7.3<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Using <span class="RktSym">syntax/parse</span></a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="References_and_Acknowledgments.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">8<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>References and Acknowledgments</a></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace"></span></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><span class="hspace">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><a href="Epilogue.html" class="toptoclink" data-pltdoc="x">9<span class="hspace">&nbsp;</span>Epilogue</a></p></td></tr></table><div class="navsetbottom"><span class="navleft">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="navright">&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="nonavigation">&larr; prev</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="nonavigation">up</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="Preface.html" title="forward to &quot;1 Preface&quot;" data-pltdoc="x">next &rarr;</a></span>&nbsp;</div></div></div><div id="contextindicator">&nbsp;</div></body></html> +\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/index.rkt b/index.rkt @@ -318,6 +318,9 @@ pieces, and often introduce brand-new pieces. Let's write a transformer function that reverses the syntax it was given: +@margin-note{The @racket[values] at the end of the example allows the +result to evaluate nicely. Try +@racket[(reverse-me "backwards" "am" "i")] to see why it's handy.} @i[ (define-syntax (reverse-me stx) (datum->syntax stx (reverse (cdr (syntax->datum stx))))) @@ -855,7 +858,7 @@ if we need to define more than one pattern variable. (syntax-case stx () [(_ a b (args ...) body0 body ...) (with-syntax ([name (datum->syntax stx - (string->symbol (format "~a-~a" + (string->symbol (format "~a-~a" (syntax->datum #'a) (syntax->datum #'b))))]) #'(define (name args ...) @@ -1180,7 +1183,7 @@ like JavaScript? [(_ chain default) (let ([xs (map (lambda (x) (datum->syntax stx (string->symbol x))) - (regexp-split #rx"\\." + (regexp-split #rx"\\." (symbol->string (syntax->datum #'chain))))]) (with-syntax ([h (car xs)] [ks (cdr xs)]) @@ -1216,7 +1219,7 @@ messages when used in error. Let's try to do that here. stx #'chain)) (let ([xs (map (lambda (x) (datum->syntax stx (string->symbol x))) - (regexp-split #rx"\\." + (regexp-split #rx"\\." (symbol->string (syntax->datum #'chain))))]) ;; Check that we have at least hash.key (unless (and (>= (length xs) 2) @@ -1286,7 +1289,7 @@ certain kind of mistake in our macros. The mistake is if our new syntax introduces a variable that accidentally conflicts with one in the code surrounding our macro. -The Racket @italic{Reference} section, +The Racket @italic{Reference} section, @hyperlink["http://docs.racket-lang.org/reference/syntax-model.html#(part._transformer-model)" "Transformer Bindings"], has a good explanation and example. Basically, syntax has "marks" to preserve lexical scope. This makes your macro behave